Q: Why do I get shocks when I touch the door knob?

ESD-Q&A

 Question: Why do I get static shocks when I touch the door knob?

Answer: Static charges build up on shoes when you walk.

Most modern shoes have highly insulating rubber or plastic soles. As you walk, static charges can build up on the soles of the shoes. This is especially true if the floor is also insulating. Some older nylon carpets are particularly good at generating static electricity.  The charge on the shoes soles induces static electrical charge on your body, and when you touch something conductive, such as metal, the static will discharge and cause a the shock. If you are indoors, the point can be proved by walking around for a while with no shoes on – you will probably not experience shock.

Every Thursday, Transforming Technologies will answer questions concerning all things ESD: static causes, threats,  ESD prevention, best practices and all things static in a feature we call ESD Q&A.  If you have ESD questions that you would like to be answered, email info@transforming-technologies.com  with Q&A in the subject line.

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What is “ESD” or Electrostatic Discharge?

ESD-Q&A

Q:  What is “ESD”?

A: ESD is short Electrostatic Discharge.

Electrostatic Discharge, or ESD, is a single-event, rapid transfer of electrostatic charge between two objects, usually resulting when two objects at different potentials come into direct contact with each other.  ESD can also occur when a high electrostatic field develops between two objects in close proximity.  ESD is one of the major causes of device failures in the semiconductor industry.

Electrostatic charge build-up occurs as a result of an imbalance of electrons on the surface of a material.  Such a charge build-up develops an electric field that has measurable effects on other objects at a distance.  The process of electron transfer as a result of two objects coming into contact with each other and then separating is known as ’triboelectric charging’.

This charging process results in one object gaining electrons on its surface, and therefore becoming negatively charged, and another object losing electrons from its surface, and therefore becoming positively charged. A person can get triboelectrically charged in a number of ways, even by just walking across a room.

Every Thursday, Transforming Technologies will answer questions concerning all things ESD: static causes, threats,  ESD prevention, best practices and all things static in a feature we call ESD Q&A.  If you have ESD questions that you would like to be answered, email info@transforming-technologies.com  with Q&A in the subject line.

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What is the greatest static threat to electronics?

ESD-Q&A

Q:  What is the greatest static threat to electronics and other materials?

A:  YOU!

The human body can generate the biggest charge of anything likely to come near these devices.

Charge can often build-up on people and reach levels that give uncomfortable shocks, can damage sensitive electronic parts or give fire risks when handling solvents and other flammable materials. Dry air humidity encourages static charge build-up, and under dry external conditions the atmosphere in a building can become even drier. Electrostatic charge build-up can be far worse under these conditions. For example, on a dry day, humans can generate a static field of more than 100 volts by just the slight raising of an arm.  During normal, everyday activities, it is common to generate 6,000 volts or more.

Every Thursday, Transforming Technologies will answer questions concerning all things ESD: static causes, threats,  ESD prevention, best practices and all things static in a feature we call ESD Q&A.  If you have ESD questions that you would like to be answered, email info@transforming-technologies.com  with Q&A in the subject line.

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When does Static Damage occur?

ESD-Q&A

 

Q:  When does Static Damage occur?

A:  ESD damage can occur to devices at anytime – even after they have been installed on circuit cards.

Damage can occur simply by placing a fingertip too close to a component inside an open computer!  Everyone involved in the handling, installing, test, shipping and storing of electronic devices must take preventative measures against the threat of ESD. Grounding yourself with ESD wrist straps or ESD heel grounders is the first defense against static damage.

ESD damage can cause immediate or “catastrophic” failure of component, or could gradually degrade components and cause a “latent failure”.  Latent failures are much harder to detect and can pass quality control tests in a factory. This maybe why your computer needs to have a motherboard replaced a year after purchase!

Starting Thursday, Transforming Technologies will answer questions concerning all things ESD: static causes, threats,  ESD prevention, best practices and all things static in a feature we call ESD Q&A.  If you have ESD questions that you would like to be answered, email info@transforming-technologies.com  with Q&A in the subject line.

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Understand the Decade Scale

Understand the Decade Scale

How to read a Surface Resistance Meter.

The Decade Scale is shorthand for electrical measurements, displayed in powers of 10

surface resistance meter

SRM500K – Surface Resistance Meter

and described in “Ohms”. A Surface Resistivity Meter is used to take these electrical measurements on all types of surfaces and materials, and the results are displayed in the Decade Scale.  Most meters will display results using colored LEDs that brighten according to each decade.  These measurements are important in ESD control because this is how to classify a material as Conductive, Dissipative or Insulative.

Ohms are the units used to describe the  measurements of electrical resistance and has a symbol that looks like this “Ω”.  Depending on the value, measurements can be in “kilohms”, or “meg ohms”.  The decade scale can be written in several ways and mean the same:  105 , 10^5, 100 kilohms, or 100megΩ etc. The table below shows all the values important as it pertains to ESD or Static Control:

 

Color- typical for most meters) Indicating Function ohm
Green Conductive 10^3-10^5
Yellow Dissipative: ideal test measurement 3×10^5-10^9
Orange Dissipative but nearing insulative level 3×10^9-10^10
Red Near insulative to insulative 10^11-10^12

Decade Scale

10^3      =1 kilohm
10^4      =10 kilohm
10^5      =100 kilohm
3×10^5  =300 kilohm
10^6      =1 meg ohm
3×10^6  =3 meg ohm
10^7      =10 meg ohm
3×10^7  =30 meg ohm
10^8      =100 meg ohm
3×10^8  =300 meg ohm
10^9      =3000 meg ohm
3×10^9  =1000 meg ohm
10^10    =10,000 meg ohm
10^11    =100,000 meg ohm
10^12    =1,000,000 meg ohm

 

To learn more about the Decade Scale and Surface Resistivity Meters visit Transforming Technologies or call 419-841-9552

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2013 Apex Expo Success!

Thank you to all who made the 2013 Apex Expo a success!  In case you missed us in San Diego, we took lots of pictures!

Welcome to the 2013 Apex Expo

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Top Ten Benefits of LED Lighting

LED light technology saves money, time and benefits workers well being.

While you won’t find LEDs in too many household lighting  fixtures these days, there are a several great reasons why you will want to use them in your business.

First, there’s the reduced energy use. The LED method of producing light loses far less energy to heat than do other lighting technologies. It’s dramatically more efficient than the vacuum/filament method used in incandescent bulbs — sometimes around 85 percent more efficient; and it’s even about 5 percent more efficient than the CFL’s plasma-tube approach [source: Taub].

A single light fixture stocked with a 60-watt incandescent bulb consumes about 525 kWh of electricity in a year; put a GeoBulb LED bulb in that light fixture, and the annual energy use is more like 65 kWh [source: Sundance]. The annual CO2 reduction is in the hundreds of pounds for a single lamp.

But energy-efficiency is just part of the story. The other part is time-efficiency: You could go 20 years without having to change an LED light bulb. Solid-state lights like LEDs are more stable light sources than incandescent or fluorescent bulbs, and the difference is startling: A typical incandescent bulb lasts about 750 hours; a Geobulb lasts 30,000 hours [source: Sundance].

Layton, Julia.  “How LED Light Bulbs Work”  23 July 2009.  HowStuffWorks.com. <http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/green-tech/sustainable/led-light-bulb.htm>  27 February 2013.

Transforming Technologies acknowledges the advantages of LED lights and have incorporated them into the BFN Overhead Ionizers.  More information on the BFN LED ionizers here.

Top 10 Benefits of LED Lighting

1. Long Life

Long life time stands out as the number one benefit of LED lights. LED bulbs and diodes have an outstanding operational life time expectation of up to 100.000 hours. This is 11 years of continuous operation, or 22 years of 50% operation. If you leave on the LED fixture for 8h per day it would take around 20 years before you’d have to replace the LED bulb.

LED’s are different to standard lighting: They don’t really burn out and stop working like a standard light, moreover the lighting diodes emit lower output levels over a very long period of time and become less bright.

LEDs are extremely durable and built with sturdy components that are highly rugged and can withstand even the roughest conditions. Because LED lights are resistant to shock, vibrations and external impacts, they make great construction or manufacturing lighting systems for rough conditions and exposure to weather, wind, rain or even external vandalism.

2. Energy Efficiency

With traditional incandescent light bulbs who operate at 20% energy efficiency only, 80% of the electricity is lost as heat. Imagine the following scenario:

If you use traditional lighting and have an electricity bill of US$ 100, then US$ 80 of that money has been used to heat the room, not to light it! Using LED illumination with 80% efficiency, the electricity costs would be around US$ 20 and you’d have saved around US$ 80.

The long operational life time acts as a multiplicator and helps achieve even more energy efficiency, especially large scale and when thinking in terms of urban infrastructure projects, such as cities, railroads and airports.

Think for example, an airport using energy efficient LED lighting exclusively and achieving a 30% power consumption reduction in comparison with an airport using conventional lighting technology. You’ll see that you can make significant energy savings also when it comes to maintenance and replacement due to the long operational life times of LED lighting. Think of all the work and energy it would take to purchase, stock and change the conventional light bulbs of an airport

3. Workplace Lighting Issues

Eyestrain is the number one health-related complaint of office workers and improper lighting levels are associated with vision problems such as eyestrain, dry eyes, and itchy/irritated eyes. This can be alleviated with proper task lighting which becomes much more important as our eyes age, especially for precision work.  Also, there is a human benefit to LED task lighting:  Improved productivity and improve mood and energy levels are reported at business with proper lighting

4. Ecologically Friendly

LED lights are free of toxic chemicals. Most conventional fluorescent lighting bulbs contain an abundance of materials like mercury that are dangerous for the environment.

LED lights contain no toxic materials and are 100% recyclable, and will help you to reduce your carbon footprint by up to a third. The long operational life time span mentioned above means also that one LED light bulb can save material and production of 25 incandescent light bulbs. A big step towards a greener future!

5. Zero UV Emissions

LED illumination produces little infrared light and close to no UV emissions. Because of this, LED lighting is highly suitable not only for goods and materials that are sensitive to heat due to the benefit of little radiated heat emission, but also for illumination of UV sensitive objects or materials such a in museums, art galleries, archeological sites etc.

6. Design Flexibility

LEDs can be combined in any shape to produce highly efficient illumination. Individual LEDs can be dimmed, resulting in a dynamic control of light, color and distribution. Well-designed LED illumination systems can achieve fantastic lighting effects, not only for the eye but also for the mood and the mind:

LED mood illumination is already being used in airplanes, classrooms and many more locations and we can expect to see a lot more LED mood illumination in our daily lives within the next few years.

7. Operational in Extremely Cold or Hot Temperatures

LED are ideal for operation under cold and low outdoor temperature settings. For fluorescent lamps, low temperatures may affect operation and present a challenge, but LED illumination operates well also in cold settings, such as for outdoor winter settings, freezer rooms etc.

8. Light Dispersement

LED is designed to focus its light and can be directed to a specific location without the use of an external reflector, achieving a higher application efficiency than conventional lighting. Well-designed LED illumination systems are able to deliver light more efficiently to the desired location.

9. Instant Lighting & Frequent Switching

LED lights brighten up immediately and when powered on, which has great advantages for infrastructure projects such as traffic and signal lights.

Also, LED lights can switched off and on frequently and without affecting the LED’s lifetime or light emission. In contrast, traditional lighting may take several seconds to reach full brightness, and frequent on/off switching does drastically reduce operational life expectancy.

10. Low-Voltage

A low-voltage power supply is sufficient for LED illumination. This makes it easy to use LED lighting also in outdoor settings, by connecting an external solar-energy source and is a big advantage when it comes to using LED technology in remote or rural areas.

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Apex Expo 2013

We hope to see you at APEX 2013 in San Diego, February 19 – 21 – Booth A1

To ensure the most effective use of your time and to have the right people present, please call or email us if you plan on stopping by any our booths and want to discuss your interests or schedule a meeting / demo.
We will follow up and hope to see you in San Diego!

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Qsource Social Network Sale


We are proud to announce that Transforming Technologies is the featured vendor for Qsource’s February Social Network Sale! Take 10% OFF select MT4500 Series Two-Layer Rubber ESD Table Mats by clicking the LIKE US button on Qsource’s Facebook and check the Coupon tab for the code.

While you are logged on to Facebook, don’t forget to check out our Transforming Technologies page and hit LIKE as well!

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Industrial ESD Floor Tile

pvc-esd-tile

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